Securing a job when you’ve just graduated can be difficult enough, but there is no uncertainty around the fact that there are some careers which may require a little bit more than just a CV and covering letter.

Journalism is most definitely one of those career paths, and as varied as it may be in terms of its domains, it’s still often regarded as quite a competitive industry, which may need you to be a little bit more persistent and even slightly tough-skinned! But fear not, here is a very simple guide with some helpful tips to assist you in your path towards becoming a journalist.

Print and Online Journalism

Don’t be afraid of low-paying or unpaid work experience

Of course, working your socks off for virtually no (or very little) reward can seem extremely unfair and even demoralizing – and you’re quite right; it is. But the amount of precious work experience that an internship at a magazine or local newspaper will provide you with can be incredibly useful for polishing your skills as a journalist, as well as creating an impressive portfolio to testify to your amazing writing talent.

It’s also useful to bear in mind that since the nature of this industry can be very demanding and challenging at times, you probably wouldn’t want to be signing six-month and year-long contracts right at your entrance into the world of journalism. Instead, you’re better off testing the waters and gaining a rough idea of where your strengths and weaknesses lie, where you fit into the industry and where you see yourself in the next five years – so appreciate the time you get learning about, exploring and honing your qualities as a journalist, because believe me, you’ll appreciate it a lot in the long-run!

Build a visible network with LinkedIn

You may have heard a lot of people tell you that it is unlikely you’d be able to set foot into the journalism industry without a good network of connections, connections, and more connections. It seems a little unrealistic and you might wonder how you’re meant to go about building contacts with other journalists, if you’ve never met them before in your life? This is where the aforementioned work experience comes in.

I cannot emphasize enough the importance of taking up an internship or two (depending on the duration for which you’ll be interning). This will ensure you get to work with – and know – a few professionals in the industry that will be able to guide you as you commence your journalism career . Take your time perfecting your LinkedIn profile and seek advice doing this if you need to. Build a network of useful contacts, share your work with them, and you will automatically be exposing yourself to so many new and exciting opportunities in your journalism career.

Set up your own blog

A blog is extremely helpful for helping your writing to gain exposure. Not only that, it can also benefit you when it comes to deciding what your writing style is and the topics that are of interest to you. If you’re able to consistently post regular content, at least once per week, you’ll also show that you’re capable of sticking to a dedicated routine, and that is bound to scream strong work ethic and commitment.

Just like physical training and exertion, writing is an exercise that you’ll need to constantly practice to improve and maintain your writing flexibility; and during those few months or so of unemployment, blogging will help immensely to keep you in touch with your creative side. Yes, that dreaded ‘writer’s block’ happens to the best and worst of us, but the more you write, the less likely it is to attack – I promise! Plus, let me reiterate the modern benefits of being able to share your work with everyone at the click of a button.

Broadcast Journalism

Volunteer at your university radio or television station

You will find that most universities have their own media stations where students interested in broadcasting careers are able to take part in different types of valuable work experience. Some include radio and even television hosting. If you’re still at university, don’t be shy to ask around for the opportunities that are available. The best part about this is that you may pick and choose what times best fit around your academic schedule, and you can be a member for as long as you like – just remember that the longer you’re active, the better. You’ll acquire some useful experience that will undoubtedly benefit you in the long run as a journalist, not to mention it will make an impressive addition to your CV.

Further your studies – take up a master’s in broadcast journalism

It’s no secret that, depending on where you choose to study, higher education can be extortionately costly. But if you can, consider applying for a postgraduate course in broadcast or television journalism. For some of you, this might go without saying, but an academic pathway will always open gates that you probably never even imagined would open. A postgraduate course in broadcast journalism will also help you gain exposure to a variety of popular broadcasting stations and will be more than useful for building up your network. Employers like to see that you’ve taken that extra mile to improve and brush up on your employability skills and requirements, so if you’re considering a postgraduate degree and believe you have the necessities to pursue it, then definitely don’t wait.

Various courses at the National Council for the Training of Journalists (NCTJ) offer excellent journalistic training, including the always-essential skill of shorthand; while the Broadcast Journalism Training Council (BJTC) is the perfect option for those of you looking to specialise in online, multimedia and broadcast journalism.  

Try ‘vlogging’ – set up your own YouTube channel

It’s become quite common among bloggers and social media personalities to whip out their cameras and create fun, entertaining and informative videos for viewers across the globe. Creating visual and creative content, particularly in which you’re exposing yourself to the camera and talking, can be very advantageous for a number of reasons, such as demonstrating your presentation skills and your creativity level, as well as your career drive and ambition – qualities that employers love to see on your resume, which will prove extremely useful to your journalism career.

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The cultural capital of Australia, Melbourne has no shortage of great places to eat - round every corner there’s bound to be an amazing cafe or restaurant to tempt you. However, the abundance of international foods, not to mention the excellent coffee and craft beers, can come at a premium. But with a savvy student approach and a little local know how, you can be eating at some of the tastiest joints in the city without blowing your student budget.

These are just to get you started and only a sample of what the buzzing city of Melbourne has to offer. Keep your eyes peeled as this city is teeming with culinary entrepreneurs and new places are popping up all the time!

Shandong Mama, Central Business District

Melbourne's Chinatown is full of amazing restaurants offering a dizzying array of dishes, but you can never go wrong with a massive plate of dumplings! Shandong Mama, a family-run joint tucked away in Bourke St Arcade, offers deliciously fresh dumplings for just a few dollars. Often voted one of the best in Melbourne, a top tip is to go for the pan-fried fish dumplings, a specialty that never disappoints!

La Tortilleria, Kensington

If Mexican food is more your thing, La Tortilleria should be top of your list. A stone's throw from the Central Business District in the pretty little suburb of Kensington, this place delivers incredibly fresh Mexican dishes with heaps of flavor. Famed for their award-winning corn tortillas, made using the traditional Aztec method and with their own locally grown corn, this is as authentic as it gets! They have a great selection of tacos and tostadas, excellent grilled meat options and sharing platters for when you just can't decide. You can easily fill up for under AU$15 and their takeaway menu is even cheaper.

Laksa King, Flemington

Frequently voted as Melbourne's most popular restaurant, the ever-present queue here is testament to its incredible Malaysian cuisine. Enjoy their flavorsome signature dish, chicken laksa, for just $11.80 - if you get in early there's even a 10 percent discount. Gather a group of your mates together, settle in and splurge on an eight-course banquet for just $32. Totally worth the money and an impressive feat if you manage to finish the lot, you're guaranteed to be strolling out of there with huge grins on your satisfied faces.

Naked for Satan, Fitzroy

In the hipster suburb of Fitzroy you can find the memorably named Naked for Satan, which has a downstairs pinxtos (small Spanish snacks) bar offering a huge array of bites where you simply help yourself. Once you've had your fill, head on up to the rooftop bar where you can follow up your meal with a locally brewed beer and enjoy the amazing views of the Central Business District.

The Royston, Richmond

Image credit: Tristan Kenney (Flickr)

This craft beer pub in Richmond serves one of Australia's most iconic pub meals - the chicken parma. Tender chicken breast topped with Napoli sauce, ham and melted cheese, you simply can't leave Australia without trying one of these bad boys. Most Melbourne pubs offer excellent mid-week parma and pint deals to help power you through to the weekend, but The Royston's Parma Tuesday offering, along with one of its original craft beers, is hard to beat.

Queen Victoria night markets, Central Business District

When it all gets too much and you simply can't decide, head to the Queen Vic night market and the culinary delights of Melbourne will come to you. With stalls ranging from spicy Sri Lankan curries, kangaroo burgers and steaming bowls of pho, this place can get you fed for under $10 and still leave you with a few dollars for dessert. Open during both summer and winter, you're spoilt for (cheap) choice all year round!

我承认，我也曾犯过这个错误。在求职申请中，当被问及我的最低薪资期望时，我曾多次非常满意地与雇主就一笔相对微不足道的金额进行谈判。

原因是什么？我无法告诉你，是因为我有点谦逊，还是因为我在刚刚毕业，所以不应该期望比最低起薪多。对我来说，后者似乎很有道理。我迫切希望向你保证，这也是其他女性毕业生的情况，她们似乎在价格上低估了自己，低于男性毕业生。

悲伤的事实

研究显示，男女学生对他们的毕业生起薪都持悲观态度，女性尤其如此。《Save the Student》最近发布的2018年全国学生金钱调查发现，“虽然男性对收入的态度比一年前稍微积极一些（当时他们预测的起薪为23,139英镑），但女性仍然将自己的价格定得比平均水平低一千英镑，比男性毕业生低四千英镑。”

尽管女性申请大学的人数远远超过男性，正如《独立报》所报道的，UCAS的最新统计数据显示，在英国，女性申请大学的人数几乎比男性申请者多了近10万，女性申请者有367,300人，而男性申请者有269,660人，这留下了97640名学生的确切差距。

对我来说，这些统计数据是否令人震惊？不幸的是，不是真的。成长过程中，许多女性可能会告诉你，社会常常试图灌输给她们这样一种观念，即无论她们希望将来多么成功，她们可能永远都不会像男性同行那样挣得多。

这是因为男性是传统的养家糊口者，而女性据说不是吗？还是因为那个可怕的假设，即所有女性最终都要选择兼职路线，因为她们迟早会成为母亲，因此需要更多的家庭时间来履行她们的母职和责任？还是可能男性在做同样的工作时更有能力，因此更值得得到更丰厚的报酬？至少社会常常告诉我们是这样的 -（诅咒你，社会）。幸运的是，我一直有一种反抗这种观念的思维方式 - 所以我一切都还好吗？

不完全是这样。我的脑海中仍然存在着那种无可辩驳的潜意识信仰。

我在这方面是孤独的吗？

幸运的是（但也令人遗憾）不是。根据CNN于2017年发表的一篇文章中的一项研究，英国女性学生在申请第一份工作时期望的薪资要比男性同龄人低14% ，而20多岁的女性平均薪资要低5%。为什么会这样呢？这可能是因为我们不知不觉地屈从于永在的性别薪资差距。

财政研究所副主任罗伯特·乔伊斯承认，由于英国受教育的年轻女性比男性多，我们可以安全地排除“薪资差异不是由教育引起的”这一解释，而是因为年轻的女性初入职场就面临着很大的性别薪资差距，甚至在她们生育或远离办公室来养家糊口之前就已经如此 - 当然，我们只是期望能像我们的男同事一样获 得与同一职位相同的薪水，简直是多么胆大包天。

然而，还有希望...

好消息是，性别薪资差距正在逐渐缩小 - 《决议基金会》的更多统计数据表明，虽然1981年到2000年间出生的女性的薪水平均要低5%，但在1966年到1980年出生的女性开始职业生涯时，她们的薪水要低9% - 女士们，让我们来表达一下感激之情吧。

伦敦卡斯商学院高级讲师阿曼达·古达尔表示，取得了进展，因为如今的年轻女性比她们的前辈更懂得有效地谈判工资。也许这给了我们这一代女性一丝希望，因为现在她们有权利在自己能挣多少钱方面发表意见了？

...以及坏消息

然而，如果我是你的话，我不会太兴奋。不幸的是，尽管我们尽力使自己摆脱黑暗时代，但女性依然可以预期在整个职业生涯中遭受低薪的困扰。 - 等等，这是我的一生吗？《决议基金会》的劳拉·加德纳表示，“小时工资差距很快就会扩大成为职业生涯中的大额工资惩罚，这会导致女性在职业生涯中的表现不如男性。”（我想我快要失去所有的拘谨和礼貌了。）

加德纳还补充说，生孩子仍然会带来相当不公平的代价：“在兼职工作时，很难获得培训、晋升和晋升机会，许多有孩子的女性要么选择这样做，要么因为高昂的托儿费而感到必须这样做。”这太好了，为什么不继续劝阻更多的女性享受母性呢。

科目选择是否起作用？

在2017年10月，英国政府的国家统计局报告称，男性比女性更有可能从事高薪工作，如经理、董事和高级官员，而在相同职业中，女性的平均时薪要低16%。

统计数据还显示，性别薪资差距的一个原因是，兼职工作的女性人数是男性的三倍。就这么简单吗？不完全是。全职工作的女性在每个主要职业领域，包括以女性为主的职业领域，仍然存在9%的薪资差距，包括哪些占据了近半数（45%）的“专业职业”，包括科学家、工程师和医疗专业人员，女性的平均时薪要低于男性同事11%。这是非常不公平的，如果你问我。

此外，尽管女性占据了近半数（45%）的全职“专业职业”，包括科学家、工程师和卫生专业人员，但她们的平均时薪要低于男性同事11%。如果你问我，这非常不公平。

毫无疑问，大学里的年轻女性更常选择与STEM（科学、技术、工程和数学）相比，通常导致薪水较低的课 程。去年，BBC 报道称，性别薪资差距的一些差异可以通过课程选择的差异来解释，女性更有可能选择教育、创意艺术、人文学科和英语语言/文学等课程，而男性则更倾向于计算机、工程和建筑等科目。

为什么女性在STEM领域代表性不足？

很可能可以认为，许多女性受到了进入科学、技术、工程和数学领域的约束，因为这些学科周围存在着常见的基于性别的刻板印象。

最近The Guardian 的报道显示，尽管女性占据了近半数的总劳动力，但在英国，她们只占STEM领域工作人员的14.4%，其中一个主要原因在于，与男性相比，女性在选择学习STEM科目时较少。为什么呢？让我们来探讨一下…

科学可能与此有关。

显然，科学与此有一点关系。《卫报》的报告揭示，正如我们从生物学的记载中了解到的，男孩在空间任务方面往往比女孩表现得更好，而女孩在语言记忆任务方面更有倾向。尽管你会如释重负地知道这些是微小的差异，它们对STEM能力的影响是相当微不足道的。

自然地，女孩在STEM课程中的表现不亚于男孩，甚至在测试和考试中表现更好。这是因为女孩比男孩更容易对考试感到焦虑 - 但这也可能是因为对年轻女孩施加了刻板印象的期望吗？

社会可能与此有关。

卢奇吉奥·吉索（Goethe大学法兰克福宏观经济与金融教授兼主席）和他的同事进行的一项研究探讨了男孩在数学方面的表现与女孩的表现。总体而言，女孩的数学分数平均低于男孩的平均水平10.5分（2%），但这种差异因国家而异。例如，在土耳其，男孩的表现超过女孩22.6分，而在冰岛，女孩的表现超过男孩14.5分。当这些国家按性别平等分类时，研究发现，在性别平等程度更高的国家，如挪威和瑞典，数学性别差距消失了。

有趣，不是吗？

但是，我们不要急于下结论。即使有这些数据，STEM领域的男性比例仍然更高，即使在瑞典等性别中立的国家也是如此。为什么呢？好吧，瑞典一项涵盖1327名中学生的研究发现，男孩更倾向于学习STEM科目的原因是：女孩报告了“社会归属感”，这意味着她们在有更多自己性别的班级中学习时感到更舒适。“自我效能”（认为自己在特定领域有成功能力的信仰）是另一个非常重要的影响因素；女孩在STEM领域的“自我效能”较低，表明她们与女孩在这些科目中不如男孩的刻板印象相符。

那么为什么会发生这种情况呢？

简而言之，我认为社会应对女性面临的所有问题负有责任，包括她们的职业志向 -（是的，好吧，有点夸张）。我承认，在深入撰写这篇文章之前，我曾认为生物学和（对所谓的）'社会规范'的非常基本理解确实是许多女性预期薪水低于男性同行的主要原因。

现在我知道，情况并非如此；性别薪酬差距仍然存在，这让我们中的许多人几乎放弃了我们的学术和职业能力与男性不同的想法。

当然，我们现在已经确认，科学和生物倾向的影响在这种情况下相对不重要。卢奇吉奥·吉索（Luigi Guiso）等研究表明，在性别平等的社会中，女性更有可能取得与男性同行一样高甚至更高的数学成绩，这也证明了两性之间的学术能力差异确实是由困扰我们自大爆炸以来的社会偏见和基于性别的刻板印象所决定的。

那么，你认为呢？你同意这完全是社会的问题，还是你坚持认为女性在选择学科和薪酬期望方面与男性有”自然的”不同之处？请在评论中告诉我们。

Included in the range of scholarships offered by QS is the Leadership Scholarship, which awards US$10,000 to a student demonstrating strong leadership skills. We’re pleased to announce that this year’s winner is Burkinabé student Clara Salame.

Clara will now study a PhD in Nutritional Sciences at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign in the US, having previously studied her undergraduate degree in Nutrition and Dietetics at the American University of Beirut in Lebanon. This was an extremely competitive program, internationally accredited by the US’ Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, in which only 12 students were eligible to pass the final examination, meaning Clara had to work extremely hard in order to graduate as an internationally registered dietitian.

Clara then studied a master’s degree in Clinical and Public Health Nutrition at University College London (UCL) in the UK, and says this is where she discovered her passion for research, as she feels rewarded by making a profound impact in scientific evidence.

This passion for research has spurred Clara on to pursue a PhD, as she says: “Nutrition is a passionate, fast-growing field in which a wide range of knowledge still needs to be discovered and unraveled. It is constantly evolving, and I want to contribute to it and be part of the evolution. Therefore, I decided to further my scientific career by obtaining a PhD to be at the cutting edge of scientific discovery.”

Clara was attracted to studying abroad in the US as she felt that the funding and technical resources in Lebanon were quite limited, and she also felt that the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign offers one of the country’s best graduate nutrition programs.

Advice for other applicants

Clara would firstly definitely recommend attending the QS World Grad School Tour “to every student who’s not sure of what they want to do later on, and even to those who already know what they’d like to do, as it would help them make a choice or get exposed to even more options.” She says her own experience of attending the fair helped her to learn about the many options available in grad school, and what the requirements are for different universities.

She also advises: “Do not worry if you do not have everything figured out, be perseverant and keep your options open. Keep looking for what you want, and if you work hard, a lot of opportunities will come your way.”

If you're settling in to Melbourne to study, you're in for an incredible few years in Australia's most cultural and artistic city. But if you can tear yourself away for a day, you won't have to venture far to find jaw-dropping sights and enjoy amazing experiences. The relatively small state of Victoria packs a punch and is teeming with beautiful wineries, national parks and a world-famous coastline. So pack a picnic and your sense of adventure, and get exploring!

Get a taste of the Great Ocean Road

This quintessential Aussie road trip is practically a rite of passage. Whilst you ideally need a few days to explore it fully, you can easily see some of the highlights in a day trip.

Firstly head to Torquay, the surfing capital of Australia. If you’ve never surfed before, where better to give it a try? If you fancy staying on dry land, catch the Bells Beach Surf Film Festival in January and let the experts show you how it's done. Carry on to Lorne for a spot of lunch before driving on to Kennett River, then take a turn down Grey River Road where you are almost guaranteed to spot wild koalas. It's a bit further on the main attraction, the Twelve Apostles, but well worth the effort! The lesser known but equally impressive Loch Ard Gorge is just down the road as well.

Enjoy a classy beach escape on Mornington Peninsula

With the very end of the peninsula just an hour and a half's drive away, you have plenty of time to explore and relax. Head right down to Point Nepean for impressive beach walks and amazing views of Victory Bight and Port Phillip Bay. Then take your pick of classy beach towns, such as Sorrento and Rosebud, to explore on the way back. If you fancy treating yourself, a soak at the Peninsula Hot Springs is definitely recommended. There’s an array of hot pools set within the natural landscape, so wind your way to very top to enjoy panoramic views over the surrounding area.

Pan for gold in Ballarat

Equally accessible via train or car, Ballarat is the historical heartbeat of Victoria. Gold was discovered here in 1851 and you can experience what a gold rush town was really like at the Sovereign Hill living museum. Try your hand at panning for gold, then head down into the underground gold mine or chat with the many skilled craftsmen at work. If you head out in the winter, you can also enjoy Ballarat Winter Festival and round off your day ice skating or strolling along the Winter Wonderlights Christmas in July display.

Spot the wildlife on Phillip Island

An easy two-hour drive from the city brings you to Phillip Island, home to pelicans, stingrays, wallabies and penguins – if you’re a fan of wildlife, you’ll be in heaven here.

Arrive at the small fishing town of San Remo at around midday to witness the feeding of the pelicans and stingrays. Carry on over the bridge and to the south of the island for a walk around the rugged Cape Woolamai, with its dramatic pink rock formations and panoramic views. Finish up your day at Summerland Beach where you can watch the hoards of penguins waddle back home after a long day of fishing.

Sample the wine and produce of the Yarra Valley

Just an hour's drive from Melbourne through picturesque rolling fields, the Yarra Valley offers a welcome city escape complete with world famous cool-climate wines and local, fresh produce. If you're struggling to recruit a designated driver (understandable, considering what's on offer!) then opt for one of the many tour bus companies instead. Head straight to the cellar doors to sample the best of the regions wines, Domaine Chandon and Giant Steps are great places to start.

But there are not just top-class wines to tickle your taste buds. Sample cheeses at the Yarra Valley Dairy, enjoy over 450 varieties of fruit at Rayner's Orchard and indulge in the finest sweet treats at the Chocolaterie and Ice Creamery. Healesville Sanctuary is also in the area, home to iconic Australian animals, including dingoes, kangaroos and the illusive platypus.

Go bushwalking in the Dandenong Ranges

Image credit: Abir Anwar (Flickr)

A 45-minute drive or a one-hour train ride from Flinders Street station brings you to the 1,000 Steps, officially the Kokoda Track Memorial Walk. This 3km return walk is a unique tribute to the Australian soldiers who fought on the real track in Papua New Guinea. One of the most popular spots in the Dandenong Ranges, it's a challenging yet beautiful walk up the creek and a great way to work up an appetite! If you're after something a little less strenuous, take a picnic to Sherbrooke Forest for fewer steps but equally stunning forests.

Finish up your day at Emerald Lake Park, where you can journey aboard Australia's first preserved steam train, Puffing Billy! Sit back, take in the view and relax those muscles after a long day's hiking, as the train winds its way along the original mountain track.

Sponsored by Tecnológico de Monterrey

Every student, at one time or another, dreams of changing the world. Whether it’s a dream such as winning the battle against climate change, or maybe writing a beautiful novel, the thought of one day accomplishing something amazing can often be the only thing keeping you going through early morning lectures and late nights spent in the library.

Some universities will always be better suited for these dreamers than others. In northern Mexico, not far from the US border, researchers at Tecnológico de Monterrey are proving they have what it takes to dream big and change the future of their country.

Tecnológico de Monterrey has prided itself on the transformative research that occurs within its buildings for years, with the university receiving over 17,000 academic citations between 2012 and 2017. Now, that focus on research is being taken even further through the annual ‘Projects That Transform Mexico’ initiative.

What’s it about?

Projects That Transform México is an initiative aiming to identify the research and innovation projects making a positive change for Mexico, either because they solve important problems in Mexican society or innovate aspects of Mexican life.

To participate in the initiative, a project must meet several criteria, including the participation of graduate students in the team, the existence of a robust experimental prototype and proof it will have a demonstrable impact in areas such as health, education, sustainable development, quality of life and economic development.

Videos on all of this year’s projects can be found here, or keep reading for more information on this year’s projects:

Biodegradable packaging to preserve environment and reduce waste

Plastic pollution is a really hot topic right now and researchers Hugo Mújica and Aurora Valdéz, from Tecnológico de Monterrey, think they have an answer. They’ve developed a system capable of turning the peel from different fruits like orange, grapefruit and mango into a film that can substitute the traditional synthetic polymer films and packages currently used on many products. They hope their project will reduce and control waste and reduce the damage done to the environment by plastics.

Improving eyesight with biopharmaceuticals

The research team integrated by Judith Zavala, Jorge Valdez and Víctor Manuel Treviño, from Tecnológico de Monterrey Medicine School, are working on a biopharmaceutical which will prevent the rare growth of ocular conjunctiva, an eye condition which is currently only treatable with surgery. This group of Mexican experts have made important improvements in the development of an alternative procedure using the “Siempre Viva” plant.

Cutting down on food waste

Every single year in México, 20.4 million tons of food are wasted. This project, entitled Zero Loss, is led by Tecnológico de Monterrey researcher Silverio García Lara and aims to use innovative strategies including intelligent containers, post-harvest technologies and climate information services to assure and increase the productivity in a sustainable way.

Remote laps for students

Manuel Macías is the leader of this Tecnológico de Monterrey project, which aims to improve distance education through the creation of three remote labs. These labs assure access to physical resources no matter where the students are.

Managing water resources

Our final project from this year is an initiative of Tecnológico de Monterrey, Femsa Foundation, and the Inter-American Development Bank, and aims to provide consulting and education in how to sustainably manage and use water resources.

For more information about these projects and how the university is aiming to transform lives through its research, click here.

Tecnológico de Monterrey is ranked within the top 200 in the world in the latest QS World University Rankings and was the top university in Mexico in the 2018 edition of the QS Graduate Employability Rankings. To learn more about the university, click here.

你是否正在考虑开始攻读双学位（dual/ double degree)或联合学位？现在的学生有这么多的学习选择，要解读一些高等教育的行话可能会很混乱。

双学位是指授予两个学位而不是一个学位的课程，而且所需时间比连续学习两个学位的时间要短。

它们不能与联合荣誉学位相混淆，后者涉及将你的时间分给两个科目--如法语和西班牙语。也不要将其与联合学位混淆，后者是由两所或更多大学设计的单文凭学位，尽管双学位也涉及在两个不同机构学习。

例如，位于米兰的米兰语言与传播自由大学为参加其酒店和旅游管理双学位课程的学生提供了在美国中佛罗里达大学或法国格勒诺布尔阿尔卑斯大学学习一年或在合作机构学习一个学期的可能性。或者，如果你愿意学习战略传播学硕士，那么你可以获得营销传播学研究生证书--除了意大利语学位（Laurea Magistrale）外，你还可以在第二年的第二学期选择在哈德斯菲尔德大学学习。

这些在不同大学和不同国家学习的机会是学习新语言和获得国外公认大学文凭的绝佳机会，如果你想在你毕业的国家工作，这一点特别有用。的学生毕业后，在中佛罗里达大学学习酒店和旅游管理的米兰语言与传播自由大学学生花一年的时间就可以获得在美国工作12个月的资格。此外，这种额外的经验也将确保你的简历能够在国内劳动力市场上更具竞争力。

在国外学习和生活还有其他一些不太明显的影响，这些影响也应该被考虑。沉浸在另一种文化中，是培养更开放的态度和体验与自己不同背景的人是什么样子的好方法。此外，你在与来自其他国家的学生合作的过程中所学到的技能将为你在现代的国际工作场所做好充分准备。

这些类型的学位在旅行和旅游行业特别受欢迎。在米兰语言与传播自由大学担任讲师的Manuela De Carlo解释了原因。

她说："公司对我们的课程非常感兴趣，因为它们与众不同。在这个行业，国际视野是非常重要的，在不同国家工作的能力也是如此。

"在旅游部门工作的公司往往将其员工从一个国家换到另一个国家，因此员工需要有很强的适应能力。这可以通过国外的双学位课程来实现。"

担任米兰语言与传播自由大学战略传播硕士学位课程协调员的Stefania Romenti教授说："传播领域的双学位课程使学生能够向往国际职业，如成为全球闻名的经理，这是米兰语言与传播自由大学战略传播硕士学位课程提供的最重要的职业机会之一。"

这所位于米兰的大学提供两个完全用英语授课的双学位：战略传播学硕士和酒店和旅游管理硕士。

这两个课程都提供了专业化的可能性、工作经验、国际经验。

战略传播硕士课程是希望从事传播专家、利益相关者关系经理、全球声誉经理或战略传播经理的人的理想选择。

另一方面，酒店与旅游管理硕士课程则非常适合寻求从事酒店经理、在线旅游和数字营销人员、活动经理或体验设计和目的地经理的学生。