The US offers one of the widest selections of top universities in the world, and is very well-represented in the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2018, with a US university appearing in each of the 48 subject ranking tables covered.

Read on to discover which US universities were ranked highest for these 48 subjects.

Read on for an overview of the highest-ranked universities in Germany for each of the 48 subjects covered in this year’s rankings.

Accounting & Finance

Harvard University is ranked both first in the US and in the world for accounting and finance, with 51 more US universities featured, including Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) at second place and Stanford University at third.

Agriculture & Forestry

The US has 57 representatives in the agriculture ranking, led by the University of California, Davis at second place, with five more US institutions in the top 10, including Cornell University (ranked third).

Anatomy & Physiology

28 top universities in the US are featured in the global top 100 for anatomy this year, led by Columbia University in third place. Stanford University is close behind at fourth.

Anthropology

Harvard University is the leader of the US’ 31 entries in the anthropology ranking, ranked third this year. Three more are in the top 10, including University of California, Berkeley (UCB) at fifth.

Archaeology

Harvard University claims another top position for the US, this time for archaeology, for which it ranks fourth in the world. 47 more US universities are featured in the ranking, including University of California, Berkeley (UCB) at sixth.

Architecture

39 top universities in the US are found in the architecture ranking, led by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in first place. UCB and Harvard also boast top 10 positions at fifth and sixth respectively.

Art & Design

The best place to study art & design in the US in 2018 is the Parsons School of Design at The New School, ranked second in the world. Also in the top five are Rhode Island School of Design (RISD) at third place and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) at fourth.

Biological Sciences

Harvard University is the world leader once again, this time for biological sciences. MIT closely follows at second in the world, while Stanford is fifth. After these three, there 121 more top universities in the US featured.

Business & Management Studies

If you want to study business in the US, there are 70 top US business schools to choose from, led again by Harvard University at first in the world.

Chemical Engineering

There’s no shortage of prestigious chemical engineering schools in the US either, with 74 featured. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is the world leader for this subject.

Chemistry

A whopping 107 US universities claim positions in the chemistry ranking, which is again led by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) at first in the world.

Civil & Structural Engineering

Of the 37 US representatives in the civil engineering ranking, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is again the world leader.

Classics & Ancient History

The US claims 11 of the 50 positions in the inaugural classics & ancient history ranking, led by Harvard University at joint sixth.

Communication & Media Studies

63 US universities are ranked among the world’s best for this subject, with the University of Southern California the highest-ranked at second.

Computer Science & Information Systems

The US has 94 representatives in the computer science ranking, which sees Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) again rank first in the world.

Dentistry

There are 12 US entrants ranked among the world’s top 50 for dentistry, with University of Michigan the country’s best entrant at third in the world.

Development Studies

Harvard University is the highest ranked of the US’ 23 top universities for development studies, coming second in the world.

Earth & Marine Sciences

It’s a similar story for Earth & Marine Sciences – Harvard University is ranked second in the world, with 54 more top US universities ranked for this subject.

Economics & Econometrics

There’s a clean sweep of US universities in the top six of the economics ranking, with Harvard University in first place. An impressive 86 US entrants are featured.

Education & Training

If you’d like to study education in the US, Harvard University is again the country’s best option, ranked second in the world. There are 84 more US institutions in the ranking.

Electrical & Electronic Engineering

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is the number one both in the US and the world for electrical engineering, and there are 68 more US electrical engineering schools in this year’s ranking.

English Language & Literature

Harvard University is the highest-ranked of the US’ 82 entrants in the English ranking this year, at third in the world.

Environmental Sciences

University of California, Berkeley (UCB) is the world leader for environmental sciences, and 75 more US universities are featured in the ranking.

Geography

There are 35 top universities in the US in the geography ranking, with University of California, Berkeley (UCB) ranked fifth in the world and number one in the US.

History

Harvard University is the world leader once again, this time for history. 50 more US institutions are represented in this ranking.

Hospitality & Leisure Management

The University of Nevada - Las Vegas is the world leader in the hospitality ranking again this year, and 12 more US universities are featured.

Law

If you’re looking to study law in the US, Harvard University is the world leader, and there are 53 more top US law schools to choose from.

Library & Information Management

The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill is ranked joint first in the world and is the highest-ranked of the US’ 17 entrants in the inaugural library & information management ranking. 

Linguistics

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is the world leader for linguistics and there are 66 US entrants in total in this ranking.

Materials Science

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) again takes the top spot both in the US and the world, and the country has 70 more representatives in the materials science ranking.

Mathematics

Another bragging right for Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), as it’s also the world leader for mathematics. 76 US universities are included in this year’s mathematics ranking.

Mechanical, Aeronautical & Manufacturing Engineering

Of the US’ 74 top mechanical engineering schools, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is the highest ranked – again claiming first place.

Medicine

If you want to train as doctor in the US, Harvard University is home to the world’s number one medical school. There are 91 more top US universities in the medical school ranking this year.

Mineral & Mining Engineering

Colorado School of Mines is the number one university in the world for mining engineering, and six more US mining schools are featured.

Modern Languages

Harvard University is the world leader in the modern languages ranking, and is joined by 48 US institutions.

Nursing

The University of Pennsylvania continues to be the world leader for this subject, and there are 100 more top US nursing schools featured.

Performing Arts

The Juilliard School is the number one performing arts school, and there are 28 more US institutions to choose from in this year’s ranking.

Pharmacy & Pharmacology

Harvard University again boasts first place in this subject ranking, and is joined by 58 more top US universities for pharmacy.

Philosophy

There are 53 US representatives in the philosophy ranking, led by the University of Pittsburgh, which is also number one in the world for this subject.

Physics & Astronomy

If you want to study physics and astronomy in the US, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is the world leader, and there are 99 more US institutions to choose from.

Politics & International Studies

There are 45 US entrants in the politics ranking, with Harvard University again the world’s leading university.

Psychology

The US has 91 entrants in the psychology ranking, again led by Harvard University in first place.

Social Policy & Administration

Once again Harvard University is the world leader, with 28 more US universities joining it in this ranking.

Sociology

Harvard University also takes the lead for sociology, with University of California, Berkeley (UCB) close behind at second in the world. 60 more top universities in the US are featured.

Sports-related Subjects

If you want to study sports-related subjects in the US, the highest ranked of its 20 entrants is Pennsylvania State University at eighth.

Statistics & Operational Research

There are 54 US universities in the statistics ranking, with Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) ranked first in the world, while Harvard and Stanford are joint second.

Theology, Divinity & Religious Studies

The US has 27 entrants in this ranking, with Harvard University again the world leader. The next highest-ranked US institution is Boston College at sixth.

Veterinary Science

And finally, if you’d like to train as a vet in the US, it has 18 top veterinary schools to choose from. University of California, Davis is the world leader, closely followed by Cornell University in second place.

人们选择兼职工作的原因有很多，例如平衡家庭和生活与工作，补充自由职业或业务，尝试不同的职业，以及开始兼职以希望成为全职员工。

但无论你的动机是什么，在选择兼职工作时都需要考虑一些基本的事情。牢记以下几点，您可以在兼职工作中茁壮成长，并将其用作您职业道路上的完美垫脚石，同时与您的学习保持平衡。

弄清楚你的财务状况

如果您是兼职工作，那么您可能需要特别注意您的财务状况。当然，即使您从事兼职工作，某些职业也可以为您提供生活工资，这取决于您工作的小时数。其中一些利润丰厚的职业道路将包括法律、编程和工程。 （是的，如果您有合适的客户或合同，您很可能能够住在伦敦并作为软件开发人员兼职工作）。

如果您发现您必须同时从事两个兼职工作才能过上舒适的生活，您应该计算出两个职位的税后薪水是多少。然后，您需要创建一个真实的每月支出大纲——然后在其中添加额外的一定金额作为缓冲。

你目前可能正在做一份你喜欢但报酬不高的工作。因此，虽然您可能仍然倾向于另一个看起来有趣或令人兴奋的兼职角色，但可能有必要优先考虑薪酬而不是热情；至少在你可以全职专注于你热爱的事情之前。另一方面，如果你已经有了一份高薪的工作，但你并不真正喜欢这份工作，那么考虑一下你真的很乐意扮演什么样的角色。通过这种方式，您的兼职工作最终可能成为更充实的职业道路的跳板。

许多学生兼职工作以资助他们的学业。毕竟，奖学金可能供不应求。如果这是您需要做的，请考虑完成学位所涉及的所有费用；不仅仅是学费，还有住宿、食物、书本和文具、外出等等。同样，确保有一个缓冲，这样你就不会在生活中增加财务压力，除了你需要考虑的其他一切。

对你的日程安排现实一点

如果您决定每周工作不超过 40 小时，那么您可能会认为每周工作 20 小时的两份兼职工作是理想的。但是，情况不一定如此。例如，从一份工作到另一份工作有多远？你有时间休息或吃午饭吗？如果一份工作包含一定程度的灵活性并且不是很费力，这种情况可能是可以管理的——但如果两个角色都非常满，那么你可能会发现自己已经筋疲力尽了。

如果您想在学习期间从事兼职工作，您应该了解您在讲座、研讨会、学习和考试复习方面的日程安排。您将希望能够有足够的有偿工作，以便您可以轻松地资助您的学习，但又不想工作太多以至于您没有时间专注于您的教育。现实一点，您需要时间放松、外出和社交。一直处于工作或学习模式可能会耗尽精力并破坏这两种努力的价值。

找一份与你的学位相辅相成的工作

无论您已经在工作还是在学习，找到与其中任何一个互补的兼职工作都可以真正提升您的职业前景。您的兼职工作可以通过多种方式补充您现有的工作或学位，包括主题、技能或更广泛的目标（例如，产生积极影响、拓宽视野、结识新朋友以及对知识的普遍追求）。例如，如果您正在攻读法律学位，那么在法律环境中获得兼职工作经验将使您在毕业时处于巨大优势。

找到某种意义上互补的兼职工作会为你的生活增添更多的目标和方向，最终帮助你在职业发展中脱颖而出。

虽然过去兼职工作需要您四处走动并询问，但近年来已经发生了向在线招聘的重大转变。工作委员会将数以千计的兼职工作整合到一个易于浏览的资源中，让您可以按地区、工作类别甚至公司进行过滤 - 让寻找工作变得更加愉快，让您不必费力地寻找工作。打印数百份简历！

Sam Woolfe 为 Inspiring Interns 撰稿，该公司专门寻找实习和毕业生工作的候选人。

您可以在 www.samwoolfe.com 找到更多他的作品。

Sponsored by University College Cork

Move over Paris; Cork has the wind in its sails.

Cork is making waves as a cultural destination, as its university courses and festivals continue to attract talent from all over the world.

Alex Palmer, from Texas, moved to Cork to study and broaden his horizons.  

Alex says: “I came to the school of music and theater at University College Cork, both because of the opportunities it offered me and the fact it was a very diverse program, which I felt very in tune with. I also really wanted a cultural experience and I couldn’t think of somewhere more diverse compared to Texas.”

Alex isn’t alone in being attracted to study in Cork: Ireland’s second largest city, located on the south-west coast, is home to a burgeoning art and cultural scene. Wander along the city’s revamped waterfront or through its colorful city center and you’ll find art galleries, vintage boutiques and music venues at every corner.

One of these, the Lewis Glucksman Gallery, is located at the university's main entrance and is particularly famed for its exploration of the visual arts. Condé Nast Traveller have described the gallery as "striking", saying: "The Glucksman art gallery hosts contemporary exhibitions and installations by national and international artists. The museum also focuses on educational pursuits, offering children’s art classes, curatorial tours and talks with artists, and has its own restaurant and cafe...the Glucksman Gallery is three floors of warm, dry entertainment.”

Every summer Cork is home to a number of festivals. Earlier this month, Cork Midsummer Festival drew in crowds from all over Ireland and beyond. As part of the festival, the local university amphitheatre was the stage of a day-long celebration of hip-hop.

The event drew in performances from the cream of rap, dance and musical talent and the Ireland’s Got Talent 2018 champion Billie Jeans, as well as a panel discussion on race and post-colonialism.

Griffith Rollefson, a lecturer in popular music at University College Cork (UCC), helped organize the event.

He says: “To make a long story short, when Union Black [a collective of hip hop dancers and circus artists] came to the Midsummer Festival, there was an opportunity to explain racial and postcolonial issues.

“So I called my contacts in the local hip-hop community and they made it out all the way from Dublin, Clare and Limerick.

“It was a chance to get hip hop artists on the same stage with lecturers. Hip-hop is a way to address issues that are most often not addressed in public discussions.”

That's a wrap for the @UCCcreative @CorkMidsummer Hip Hop Takeover! #Midsummer18 #PureCork @ucccreates @cybergriff @StevieGrainger pic.twitter.com/A6mcUNi4zK

— UCC Ireland (@UCC) June 16, 2018

A new partnership between Cork Opera House and University College Cork

Pictured: Mary Condon O’Connor, BA Theatre Studies UCC, Stage Management Intern, The Wizard of Oz and Rhiannon Connick, BA Theatre Studies UCC, Stage Management Intern, The Wizard of Oz. 

Building on its involvement with the Midsummer Festival, UCC announced this year that it will be working together with the city’s opera house to continue to grow as a cultural destination.

The exciting eight-year project will make it easier for students training at UCC to become arts managers, creative practitioners and professionals. Placements will be available for them in the areas of organizational management, marketing, production, business development and stage management at the opera house.

The scheme will also see the launch of a new master’s in arts and cultural management jointly-run with the opera house.

Starting in September 2019, the new master’s in arts and cultural management will be led by Dr Marie Kelly, who has worked at the Abbey Theater in Dublin for several years, and Eibhlín Gleeson, Chief Executive of the Cork Opera House.

Eibhlín Gleeson says: "The new internship programme will see UCC students engage directly with the business function and the artistic function of the opera house.

“This will really make a difference in terms of creative leaders of the future.

"This master’s will deliver a really broad perspective on the business side of arts management, how to successfully run an arts organization, how to successfully manage yourself as an individual artist and how to engage the entrepreneurial spirit.”

Interested? Find out more about international admissions to University College Cork here.

恭喜！在完善你的简历、通过能力倾向测试并通过面试后，你就收到了工作机会。你得到了你想要的。但是，在您接受之前，仍然值得花一些时间考虑以下问题的答案。

你要放弃什么？

只期待一个你热爱新工作的每一分钟的想象中的未来是很诱人的。当然，您现在所处的位置可能并不完美（或者您不会在其他地方寻找），但您可能仍然会错过一些东西。

跳槽真的值得放弃你现在办公室的友情吗？虽然借助社交媒体保持联系比以往任何时候都容易，但一旦您适应了新角色，它真的会发生吗？在您当前的公司中，您是否有可能需要更长的时间才能担任新职位的机会？在您在虚线上签名之前考虑所有这些。

你会过得更好吗？

换工作最常见的原因是立即或通过职业发展获得更多的钱。但不要忘记看大局；更高的收入可能意味着转移到更高的税级，因此请使用一个净工资计算器，以确保您在新职位上能挣更多。

不要忘记考虑其他费用，例如差旅费、儿童保育费、如果您习惯于穿制服工作的衣服费用等。即使是很小的差异（如：例如放弃有补贴的食堂）一年也会带来巨大不同。

如果跳槽没用怎么办？

假设你有六个月的时间，你只是讨厌你的新角色。这对您的潜在客户意味着什么？几个月或一年后找到另一个职位会更难还是更容易？即使你不喜欢这份工作，你是否必须坚持一段时间？

在此之后，您的下一步是什么？从长远来看，可以帮助您更轻松地做出决定。这个角色真的能帮助你攀登自己的职业阶梯，还是坚持做其他事情会更好？

新公司真的很棒吗？

公司的财务状况如何？您是否希望获得一份新合同，并且该职位会在几个月后消失吗？可能值得研究公司的财务前景，如果您有真正的担忧，信用检查公司会提供单一公司服务。

可能还值得联系您自己的社交网络，看看您是否有在那里工作的朋友的朋友。他们如何看待公司及其未来？您还可以查看 Glassdoor 等网站，这些网站允许员工审查他们的雇主。

你的通勤方式会是怎样的？

将较长的通勤时间视为轻微的不便很容易，但远不止于此。通勤对我们的健康有很大的影响，即使一周多坐几个小时的车也会导致头痛、高血压和背痛。还值得检查一下您离开时的旅程需要多长时间。虽然只有半小时的路程，但如果在高峰时段需要一个小时或更长时间，那么当您采取行动时，您的大部分时间都会消失。

最后，如果你觉得新雇主施加压力让你做出决定，那可能不是一个好兆头。虽然有些角色需要紧急填补是合理的，但要求一些时间来确保这对你们双方都是正确的决定不应该是一个问题。你想做出正确的选择！

Sarah Dixon 为 Inspiring Interns 撰稿，该公司专门为实习和研究生工作寻找候选人。

根据伦敦大学学院（UCL）全球高等教育中心的研究，澳大利亚正成为第二受欢迎的海外留学目的地，取代了英国。

澳大利亚在国际学生中一直保持着持续增长的受欢迎程度，2017年迎来了超过60万名外国学生，比前一年增长了13%。其中越来越多的学生来自中国、印度、尼泊尔和巴西。

联合国教科文组织的官方学生人数数据将在年底发布，但UCL的研究人员认为澳大利亚可能已经超过了英国。这与2015年形成鲜明对比，当时英国比澳大利亚多接收了13.6万名国际学生。

“脱欧”效应？

但英国决定退出欧盟在这些变化中有多大影响呢？实际上，2018年英国大学报告称，欧盟学生的申请激增，这可以归因于这些学生在2019年3月英国脱欧前抢在最后一刻申请入学。这些学生将于今年9月开始课程，他们也得到了英国政府的保证，即即使英国脱欧后，他们仍将享有与本国学生相同的学费和资助。政府最近还确认，2019年秋季开始学习的欧盟学生将享有与本国学生相同的学费和资助。

有了这个确认，似乎很可能不会在2019年学术年度看到英国大学申请人数下降。然而，一些国际学生似乎对英国的友好程度产生了质疑，这可能使其他留学目的地更具吸引力。

英国政府渴望保留欧盟公民的免签证旅行权（并希望欧盟会对英国公民前往欧盟的情况做出同样回应），但目前尚不清楚新的欧盟学生是否需要从2020年起支付国际学费。

尽管最近的一份报告表明，国际学生每年为英国经济带来逾200亿英镑的贡献，但英国大学一直在争取政府取消将国际学生纳入净移民目标的政策，但尽管如此，政府并没有这方面的计划。

英国文化协会（British Council）的一名女发言人表示，国际学生对英国是“长期影响力和软实力的巨大来源”。

她还表示，英国正在与具有“友好签证政策”和“综合国际教育战略”的国家竞争。这使得“加强并开放英国的国际渠道”至关重要。

加拿大也在受欢迎程度上升

除了澳大利亚，加拿大也正在赶上英国，占据了利润丰厚的国际学生市场的不断增长份额。根据2018年的QS申请人调查，加拿大已经取代英国，成为非洲和中东的潜在学生中第二受欢迎的留学目的地。而在亚太地区，澳大利亚取代英国，成为第二受欢迎的留学目的地，英国滑落到第四位。

伦敦大学学院报告的作者西蒙·马金森教授说：“我们正在看到全球学生市场的巨大变革。英国高等教育在国际上仍然备受推崇，但政府通过限制新生人数和毕业后工作签证的发放已经制约了国际学生数量的增长达五年之久。与此同时，竞争对手国家正在积极推广他们的国际教育。”

您会选择澳大利亚或加拿大而不是英国吗？请在评论中告诉我们。

Strong leaders are highly sought-after worldwide, and many universities pride themselves on nurturing the next generation of leaders, innovators and decision-makers. For this reason, leadership scholarships commonly offered; universities are keen to attract and support students who show leadership potential – as a way to nurture an innovative spirit on campus, as well as ensuring an alumni community full of impressive achievements.

See below for a selection of scholarships to support future leaders, for studies around the world.

To study anywhere

• Jusoor Scholarship Programs – Opportunities for Syrian students to gain leadership and academic scholarships to study in the US, Europe and the Middle East.
• QS Leadership Scholarship – Exclusive international postgraduate scholarship open to attendees of the QS World Grad School Tour who demonstrate leadership, to support the costs of a graduate program (excluding MBAs) anywhere in the world.

To study in Australia & New Zealand

• Asia Pacific Leadership Program Scholarships – Various international scholarships for aspiring leaders from within the Asia-Pacific region to study at selected institutions throughout the region.

To study in New Zealand:

• Emerging Leaders’ Scholarship @ UC – Merit-based scholarshipsfor students from New Zealand or Australia with leadership potential to gain funding for study at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand.

To study in Australia:

• Charlie Bell Scholarship for Future Leaders – Scholarship program for McDonalds employees in Australia to further their studies in leadership and/or business at an accredited Australian university.
• European Global Leaders Scholarship @ the University of Queensland – Merit-based scholarships for European students to study at the University of Queensland in the faculty of business, economics and law on a master’s degree program (excluding the MBA). The university also offers a Global Leaders Scholarship to students from Indonesia.
• Engineering leadership Scholarships @ the University of Sydney– Undergraduate scholarships for engineering students with leadership potential at the University of Sydney in Australia. Only open to Australian citizens/permanent residents.
• International Leadership Scholarship @ Monash University – Undergraduate and graduate scholarships for students showing leadership potential at Monash University in Australia.
• Queer Leaders Scholarship @ Monash University – More merit-based scholarships from Monash University, open to all LGBTQ students active in promoting inclusivity and awareness of gender and sexuality. More scholarships for LGBTQ students are listed here.
• Vice-Chancellor’s Leadership Scholarship @ UWS – Undergraduate scholarships for new students at the University of Western Sydney in Australia, to gain funding for studies and access to ‘The Academy’ – UWS’s leadership center. Only open to Australian citizens/permanent residents.  

To study in Europe

• German Chancellor Fellowship for Tomorrow’s Leaders – Scholarships open to students from Brazil, China, India, Russiaand the US to study in Germany at an accredited university. Leadership experience is a must.

To study in the UK:

• Future Leaders Scholarships @ RHUL – Scholarships for EU and home students with leadership potential to study at Royal Holloway University of London in the UK at undergraduate level.
• Global Leaders Scholarships – Undergraduate scholarships for international students wishing to study an undergraduate degree at the City, University of London.
• Leadership and Emerging Leaders’ Scholarships – UK scholarships for nurses, midwives and health professionals to gain funding for leadership development in the UK. Funded by the Florence Nightingale Foundation.
• Weidenfeld-Hoffmann Scholarship and Leadership Programme @ the University of Oxford – International development, conservation and environmental management graduate scholarships for students from certain developing countries in Central and Eastern Europe, Central Asia, North Africa and the Middle East to study at the University of Oxford on a related graduate program.

To study in North America

To study in Canada:

• Entrance Leadership Scholarship Competition @ University of Alberta – Undergraduate scholarships for the University of Alberta in Canada, open to Canadian students who show academic ability and leadership potential.
• Nelson Civic Leadership Scholarship – Scholarships for Canadian students outside Quebec who have an interest in community development and leadership wishing to gain funding to study at undergraduate level at a Canadian university.
• Schulich Leader Scholarships – Undergraduate scholarships for leading students in STEM fields at accredited Canadian universities. Excludes medicine and medical research.
• TD Scholarships for Community Leadership – Scholarships for Canadian students involved in community development, human rights, politics, youth engagement or social work to gain funding to study at universities across Canada.

To study in the US:

• Coca-Cola Scholars Program– Merit-based scholarships for US students to gain funding for undergraduate study in the US.
• Comcast Youth Education & Leadership Scholarships– Undergraduate scholarships for US students to gain funding for university and to get involved in community development and leadership.
• Emerging Global Leader Scholarship @ AU– Scholarships for international students with an interest in leadership and development to study at American University in Washington DC.
• Emirates Leadership Initiative Fellowship @ Harvard University – US scholarships for outstanding students from the UAEand Arab countries to study at Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government (Center for Public Leadership).
• Global Leaders Need-Based Scholarships – Need-based scholarships for international students with an interest in leadership, to study in the US.
• Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes – Leadership scholarships open to US and Canadian citizens who show potential for making a positive difference in their community and/or environment.
• Hunt Leadership Scholars Program @ SMU – Need-based scholarships for students displaying leadership potential at Southern Methodist University.
• Leadership 1000 Scholarship – For US students studying in Washington State.
• National Student Leadership Scholarship @ NC State – Offered by North Carolina State University in the US, open to students involved in ongoing leadership activities.
• Posse Foundation Scholarships – Academic scholarships for students from underrepresented backgrounds in the US to gain funding for university and to develop their leadership potential.
• Presidential Leadership Scholarship – Non-degree scholarship to hone leadership skills on a six-month program in Washington DC.
• Stamps Leadership Scholarships – Various opportunities to gain funding to study at select universities in the US and outside.
• The Leadership Award @ UC Berkeley – One scholarship offered yearly to high-achieving undergraduate students with leadership potential at the University of California, Berkeley.
• The Texas Lyceum Leadership Scholarship – undergraduate scholarships for young Texans with leadership ability wishing to study in Texas.

To study elsewhere in the world

• MEPI Tomorrow’s Leaders Scholarship Program – Open to motivated students from underrepresented communities in the Middle East and North Africa to gain funding to attend a reputed university in the Middle East.
• Hinrich Global Trade Leader Scholarships – International scholarships for graduate Chinese students interested in studying business and leadership at master’s level at Hong Kong Baptist University.

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If you haven’t found what you’re looking for, you should make sure to search the website of the university or business school you want to study at, to find out what funding opportunities are available. For more advice on how to find scholarships and how to apply, please see our complete guide on How to Find Scholarships to Study Abroad.

This article was originally published in March 2015. It was updated in July 2018.

随着近年来学费和生活费的上涨，英国学生的经济状况正承受着极大的压力。Save the Student最近公布的全国学生资金调查显示，绝大多数（61%）的学生声称他们的生活贷款不足以维持生活或支付房租，还有52%的学生认为学生金融系统根本不公平。

统计数据还显示，虽然只有15%的学生在资金危机时向大学寻求经济支持，令人震惊的是，有11%的人转向赌博、临床试验甚至成人工作，以支付基本开支。继续阅读，深入了解这些有力的事实和统计数据。

令人震惊的统计数据

国家学生资金调查显示，十分之一的学生在紧急金融危机中仅靠自身自救，这是因为他们缺乏来自父母、大学和学生资金的经济支持。调查结果还发现，大多数学生在大学里不能很好地处理财务问题——3167人中的78%被问到的学生正在努力维持生计，76%的人不得不依靠兼职工作赚取额外收入，(其中5%的人表示，他们正在用自己的身体进行医学试验、生活建模和各种形式的成人工作）。令人惊讶的是，当学生们发现自己陷入意想不到的财务困境时，这一数字会高出一倍（11%）。

调查还报告了其他有风险的赚钱方法，包括赌博——有5%的学生在日常生活中求助于赌博。而3%的人则是为了应急现金。自去年以来，学生赌徒为日常财务而从事冒险生意的人数下降了2%，而那些为避免财务危机而从事冒险生意的人数仅下降了1%。

2%的英国学生将自己的身体用于临床试验换取金钱——另有5%的学生是为了应急现金而这样做。

2018年全国学生资金调查显示，2%的英国学生正在进行高风险的临床试验，以换取更高的银行账户余额。更令人惊讶的是，这些数字似乎出现了大幅上升，因为调查报告称，在采取冒险赚钱行为的11%的学生中，有7人在面临紧急缺钱时，为了一笔可观的收入做出冒险的行为。

临床试验与风险

当你用自己的人体作为医学实验的小白鼠以换取一些钱，意味着你自愿参加了一项临床试验。虽然它们有它们的好处，例如帮助保证被测试药物的安全使用，这一系列过程中争议很多，是负面事实，大学生参与其中更是火上浇油。

就像大多数快速赚钱的方法一样，临床试验有其自身的风险和危险——这并不奇怪，因为用一个健康的人来测试新的药物和物理疗法必然会带来试错的一般风险。结果可能包括短期和长期的副作用，这当然可能对一个人的健康构成严重威胁。

试验可能持续几个星期，报酬将在很大程度上取决于测试的持续时间，以及你在试验中花费的时间和你在诊所出现的天数，而不是取决于测试的类型或涉及的药物。这也意味着，志愿者不太会被要求在整个试验期间都留在医院。

尽管临床试验的目的是尽可能使参与者安全，其中一些药物可能会导致相对轻微的副作用，如恶心和头痛，但其他药物可能会带来更严重的风险，包括昏厥，甚至几天内失去意识。

3%的人在经济困难期间转向成人工作，另有1%的人在经济紧急情况下求助于成人工作。

不幸的是，明显缺乏资金支持的后果并不止于自愿参与临床试验。11%的学生用非常规方法赚钱，3%的学生为了维持生计而参加成人工作，4%的学生在突然遇到现金危机时求助于此。最常见的学生成人工作形式包括甜蜜约会（没有性关系）、色情短信、色情电话、参与现场成人视频节目，甚至卖淫。选择走这条路的学生人数比去年的调查上升了一个百分点。

据《每日电讯报》（Telegraph）2015年报道，一家名为甜心老爹（Sugar Daddy）的交友网站声称，全球有140万名学生的资料，这些学生被许诺每月陪伴男性去餐馆、参加活动和活动的费用高达3000英镑。

社交媒体的怪癖

Save the Student的调查还包括一些来自英国从事性工作的学生坦率的采访片段，他们都将自己与该行业的关系归功于社交媒体。

（所有姓名均已按要求更改。）

一年级学生西沃恩，来自利物浦大学的她承认，之所以突然参与成人工作，是因为她接受了一个奇怪的、意料之外的社交媒体邀请：“我从没想过要开始！我曾在推特上说想要钱，这样就能去参加活动，吃得起饭。第二天，我醒来时收到一条直接的信息，一个陌生人提出要付钱给我，只要我在网上无视他并侮辱他。她补充说，他称自己是'付钱的猪'，就像一个甜心爸爸，但没有性方面。从那以后，我就用Twitter和Seeking Arrangement（一个甜心宝贝/甜心爸爸的网站）来找付钱的猪和甜心爸爸。”

西沃恩说，她之所以做出这个决定，是因为她的学业安排很紧不能做一份兼职工作：最好的一点是，这不是真正的工作。我不需要为了生活而找一份兼职工作，这意味着我有更多的时间专注于我的学位。

她还承认，通过这种奇怪的成人工作，她的收入通常是每周50英镑左右，每张脚或袜子照片额外收费5-10英镑。

西沃恩承认，这些钱在紧急情况下帮了她的忙，比如我不小心把钥匙弄丢了，不得不花30英镑把它们都换了。

在成人行业不仅仅有女生。

尽管人们普遍错误地认为卖淫主要（如果不是专有的话）是一种女性专属的工作，但拯救学生提出的案例证明，男性学生也在尝试不寻常的成人工作形式，以支付他们自己的花销。马修是坎特伯雷基督教会大学的一年级学生，在社交媒体上的一次即兴表演让他成为了一名临时恋足癖工作者：有人在Instagram上给我发消息，并出钱买我的脚的照片。他们从我的照片流中看到了我度假时穿着人字拖的照片，显然这就是他们需要的一切！

马修表示，当时他低于平均水平的经济状况让他很难拒绝这个尴尬的请求，当时我手头拮据，所以我显然不会拒绝。之后我又用Tumblr做了几次。

他还透露了自己能赚多少钱，以及他在社交媒体上不断追求恋足癖客户背后的动机：我总共赚了大约200英镑。当我在食物和买东西时遇到困难时，帮助了我；那时我就会这样做。

马修还指出了从事恋足癖工作的不利（和有利）因素：最好的一点是这很容易，最糟糕的是必须假装我很喜欢，人们才真的会买照片。他们不会要求具体的东西，只是不同的角度和特写。

为新的成人网络摄影师提供培训，他们可以一周赚1000美元。

如果这样还不够令人反胃，一名二年级学生，来自肯特大学的卡门，证实，在她加入网络摄像行业后，她通过社交媒体接受了培训。我使用的这家机构通过WhatsApp进行培训：他们发送文本、视频和语音说明，告诉你如何设置账户，以及在你开始玩游戏之前需要做的一切。他们还通过群聊提供持续支持，在群聊中回答问题并提供建议脚本。

此外，卡门还透露了一些成人网络摄像头收入的惊人数字，她说：如果我坚持工作，我每周很容易就能赚到1000美元。

她还毫无遗憾地表示，在得知自己将永远有一个备用选项，永远不会完全陷入没有任何收入来源的困境时，她松了一口气。

参与成人工作的危险

众所周知，参与任何形式的成人工作都不可避免地会带来一系列风险和危险，这可能会对年轻人的生活产生深远影响。

2014年，前性工作者黑山共和国接受了《独立报》的采访，讲述了她作为一名性工作者12年的经历，并就陪游行业的危险向年轻女性提出了建议。她强调了人身危险，指出，总是有身体暴力的威胁，因为人们认为他们可以逃脱惩罚。男人花了很多钱和你在一起，有时他们认为他们拥有你，她补充说，这可能表现在比通常更粗暴的对待身体控制，甚至可能表现为其他形式的暴力。”

黑山共和国还指出了成人工作带来的情绪影响：心理和潜意识的影响与你对自己的认知有很大关系。你知道自己的行为超出了社会规范的界限，“性工作者”是一个巨大的耻辱。你会感到被排斥、孤独、不受欢迎和被抛弃。

她接着补充道：你也经常担心各种性病的后果。

改过自新

“毒霾”让她在一场严重的车祸中与死神搏斗，黑山共和国的押运业务因此连续中断，面对濒死体验，是时候重新评估我的生活了，我不喜欢我经历的一切。我永远不会忘记那种令人作呕的感觉，在我的胃深处，我等待着一系列性病测试的结果。我这一生做了什么？为什么我这么愚蠢？

在她决定永远离开成人工作行业后，格温妮丝成功地改变了她的生活。她成功地完成了学业，现在是一名完全合格的商业飞行员和NLP（神经语言编程）硕士实践者、教师和培训师。

那么学生们为什么要采取这种绝望的措施，我们需要做些什么呢？

拯救学生的金钱专家约翰·巴特勒（John Butler）全心全意地表示，从事性工作的学生——无论是自己选择的，还是由于经济压力不得已的——都应该能够获得他们所需要的适当支持。他强调了这样一个事实，即从事这类行业的个人仍然面临不公平的耻辱，许多人可能担心他们的大学会对他们的工作选择产生影响。”他补充说：大学需要继续努力提供支持，并创造空间，让学生感到安全地获得建议，以确保所有学生都知道自己的权利，并可以安全地开展他们的工作。

巴特勒先生也承认，学生的经济状况和来自大学的支持的普遍缺乏是罪魁祸首。他说，统计数据显示，不到一半的人认为从他们的大学获得帮助很容易，这是一个令人关切的问题，并补充：这再一次引起了我对生活成本和维持贷款之间差距的担忧。并不是所有的家长或学生都能找到那么多额外的钱。目前，在英格兰（伦敦以外）离家生活的学生可获得的生活贷款最高额度为8700英镑，比学生每年平均所需的生活费（12000英镑）少了3000多英镑。

萨拉·拉索耶，英国国立大学妇女事务主任，强烈支持这样一种观点，与其采取行动改变学生采取这种极端措施的一些事实，不如做更多的工作来支持性工作者的权利：在英国生活和学习的成本需要所以成为性工作者，以及参与其中工作者的权利，就像学费或学生住房一样是一个学生问题。这就是为什么应该做更多的工作来捍卫和扩大这些权利。

“为此，我们将与英国妓女联合会(简称ECP）和性工作者倡导和抵抗运动（简称Swarm）等组织密切合作，以倡导性工作合法化，并反对进一步立法，如最近美国Fosta-Sesta式的立法，这可能会将许多学生性工作者置于相当大的危险之中。”

想象一下：你正在参加实习面试，手心冒汗，尽力回答面试官的问题，突然他们问：“那么，你父母上过大学吗？”。有点奇怪的问题，但没关系。你回答没有。 “哦，那你是家里第一个上大学的吗？”再一次，你有点想知道他们为什么想知道，但是，嘿，也许我们现在要开始闲聊了？你说是的。 “你上学的时候有资格获得免费餐吗？”

你对每一个问题都如实回答，但面试真是让你摸不着头脑，你想知道这些问题中的任何一个是如何相关的，以及你的答案是否是正确的答案。仅仅因为你的背景较差而拒绝你作为候选人肯定是违法的吗？

这听起来难以置信，但据《每日电讯报》报道，根据学生雇主协会 (ISE) 的一份报告，几乎一半 (45%) 的雇主确实在实习面试期间向学生提出了这些问题，这一数字在2012年增加了三倍。谢天谢地，这并不是要歧视来自贫困背景的申请人。相比之下，有人担心雇主最终可能会通过选择背景较差的候选人来惩罚受过良好教育的学生，以确保这些背景在他们的劳动力中得到充分体现。

不要误会我的意思，我认为工作场所的多元化很重要，英国最大的雇主在促进多元化方面承受着越来越大的压力。然而，对我来说，最适合这份工作的人永远是最合格的申请人，最能为这份工作带来正确技能和知识的人——不管他们的社会背景，或者他们个人信息的任何其他方面，比如作为宗教或性取向。就像他们是什么宗教无关紧要，他们是去伊顿这样的私立学校还是贫困地区的综合学校都无关紧要，他们每天中午吃免费的校餐或吃鱼子酱都无关紧要，如果他们是家里第一个上大学的人，这应该没关系。

我认为我们中的大多数人宁愿根据自己的优点被聘用，而不是在拥有足够来自特定背景的员工的情况下填补某种配额。雇用一个出身贫寒的人而不是最适合这份工作的人将是一种傲慢的态度，并且排斥那些去了牛津剑桥、拥有特权背景、父母也都受过良好教育且各方面都十分优秀的人也是不公平的。正如 ISE 首席执行官 Stephen Isherwood 所说，一切都要符合当时的情况：“不是说要拒绝一个受过伊顿公学教育的候选人而让其他人通过。这是关于让两者都通过[并认识到]来自较低社会经济背景的人可能没有相同的优势。”

Every year, QS and Concordia University in Canada collaborate to offer a scholarship to one lucky international postgraduate student. The scholarship has this year been awarded to Indian student Bhigya Pande, who will now be exempt from paying the international fee rate at Concordia.

Bhigya will now study a Masters in Applied Computer Science at Concordia, commencing in September, having previously studied a Bachelor in Engineering in India and worked at the multinational technology company IBM. He hopes that the degree will enable him to customize his studies based on his evolving areas of interest, and (as the course name implies), acquire skills which can be put to practice and applied to further human progress.

He says: “During my final year I realized that graduate study is imperative if I wish to influence the wave of change in a way in which I can fully unleash not only my own inner creativity, but also the untapped potential in the huge field of data science and artificial intelligence.”

While India is home to numerous reputable engineering institutions, Bhigya was attracted to studying abroad in the US or Canada due to the huge spectrum of rigorous, high-quality education available, but decided on Canada as some relatives had studied there and spoken highly of the multi-cultural international exposure they gained from their experiences.

Bhigya was also attracted to Concordia University’s Applied Computer Science course due to the flexibility of being able to customize courses based on his interests, and he’d also like to improve his knowledge of French as a second language, making the multicultural, Francophone city of Montréal an ideal base for this.

After completing his degree, Bhigya can see himself working at major companies such as like Deloitte or Amazon, which have offices all over the world and a diverse, international workforce. However, he says “Working with and for an organization is just a medium – a medium of my own self-expression. In the long run, it is my desire to bring all my studies and learnings to practice and provide applications and solutions that help enhance facets of human life.”

Advice for other applicants

Bhigya is very grateful for this scholarship and the huge morale boost it gives him, and has this advice for other students who are applying for scholarships: “Don’t ever give up before even trying, even if it is a small scholarship, because you never know, you may be the one who wins that scholarship.

“Also, keep in mind that even a small scholarship will help you a lot in your studies, as you’ll be able to concentrate more on your studies rather than finding ways to meet your basic monthly expenses. While applying for the scholarship always proofread your applications, because even small mistakes can ruin your chances of winning one.”