This year, the newly-released QS World University Rankings by Subject includes 500 of the world’s best universities for economics, each ranked based on a methodology which assesses four significant indicators: academic reputation, employer reputation, research citations per paper, and H-index (which measures both the impact and productivity of publications by scientists and scholars).

Read on for a regional overview of the top economic schools in 2019, or click here for the full table.

Top universities for economics in the US and Canada

Claiming just over 100 top economic schools in the ranking this year, the US continues to dominate, while Canada is home to a total of 18 institutions.

As well as having seven entrants in the top 10, the US has a further seven in the global top 20 for economics: Columbia University (ranked 11^th); Northwestern University (12^th); University of Pennsylvania (13^th); University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) (14^th); New York University (NYU) (15^th); University of Michigan (19^th); University of California, San Diego (UCSD) (20^th) – and a further 21 feature in the top 100 worldwide.

Meanwhile, Canada claims two universities in the top 30 for this subject: University of Toronto (21^st) and University of British Columbia (29^th), and two in the top 100: McGill University and Western University.       

Top universities for economics in Europe

Over in Europe, almost 200 of the best universities for economics are ranked, 48 of which are in the UK – with three institutions placing the global top 10, and a further three in the top 50: UCL (University College London) (17^th); the University of Warwick, up two spots to rank 28^th this year; and the London Business School (36^th).

With the second-most entrants in the economics university ranking this year is Germany, which has 24 representatives in the economics university ranking this year. Its highest-ranked, Universität Mannheim, climbed up from 51-100 to place 44^th this year – while its second-highest ranked, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, retains a spot in the global top 100.

Italy claims 22 top economics schools in total, with Università Commerciale Luigi Bocconi, maintaining its position of 16^th, while Università di Bologna ranks in the world’s top 100.

Next up in the economics ranking this year are France and Spain, both claiming 15 institutions each, with Spain’s Universidad Carlos III de Madrid being the only institution to secure a spot in the global top 50, at joint 50^th. In the global top 100, both France and Spain claim three spots each – with Spain’s Barcelona Graduate School of Economics and France’s Université PSL (Paris Sciences & Lettres) both being new entrants this year.

The Netherlands follows with 10 representatives in total, with Tilburg University shooting up an impressive seven places in the economics ranking this year to place joint 41^st. Two more universities – Erasmus University Rotterdam and the University of Amsterdam – rank in the top 100 worldwide.

Switzerland and Sweden are both home to eight of the best economics universities each, with Switzerland claiming two spots in the global top 50, having seen the University of Zurich climb a remarkable 10 places this year to rank 33^rd, while ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) places 35^th worldwide. Meanwhile, Sweden’s only institution in the top 50 is the Stockholm School of Economics, which climbed three spots to rank in joint 37^th place this year.

Russia claims seven entrants in the economic ranking, led by the National Research University – Higher School of Economics (HSE), which climbed from 101-150 to 51-100 this year. It’s followed by Belgium, home to six institutions in the economics ranking, with three of its highest-ranked in the global 51-100 range, including Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.

Denmark, Greece and Portugal all currently host a total of five schools each in the economics ranking, with Denmark claiming two in the top 100 (Aarhus University and the University of Copenhagen); while Greece’s Athens University of Economics and Business sits in the global top 200.

Elsewhere, Norway is home to four of the world’s top universities for economics, including the University of Oslo in the top 150. And Ireland and Finland have three representatives each: Trinity College Dublin (TCD) and University College Dublin (UCD) rank at 101-150, while Finland’s Aalto University places 151-200.

Hungary, Czech Republic and Poland each have just two schools in the economics ranking this year, with the Central European University in Hungary ranking in the top 200 worldwide.  

And finally, with just one representative each are Lithuania, Slovenia, Estonia, Romania, Cyprus and Luxembourg – the latter five all presenting new entrants to the economics ranking this year.

Top universities for economics in Asia

Leading the economics university ranking in Asia this year is China, with 23 entrants, including Peking University and Tsinghua University in the top 50 in 30^th and joint 31^st places respectively, with Tsinghua having climbed six spots this year.

Japan follows with 16 representatives in total, including its highest-ranked, the University of Tokyo, which now places 23^rd in the economics ranking after climbing six spots.

With 11 representatives each are South Korea and Taiwan, with South Korea’s Seoul National University (SNU) ranked 46^th, while Taiwan’s highest-ranked institution continues to be National Taiwan University (NTU) in the 51-100 range.

Hong Kong and Malaysia are each home to seven top universities for economics this year, with the highest-ranked institutions found in Hong Kong – the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) ranks the highest, in joint 26^th place, while the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) places 39^th and the University of Hong Kong (HKU) is 43^rd. In Malaysia, Universiti Malaya (UM)  climbed from 151-200 to 101-150 in this year’s economics ranking.

Though with just three entrants, Singapore’s highest-ranked top economics school is the National University of Singapore (NUS), ranked 18^th this year. Meanwhile Nanyang Technological University (NTU) is ranked 47^th, while Singapore Management University maintains its position in the top 100 worldwide.

Also with three entrants each are Thailand and Pakistan, followed by Indonesia with two, and Macau, Philippines and Bangladesh with just one representative each.

Top universities for economics in Australia and New Zealand

Over in Australasia, Australia is home to 22 of the world’s top universities for economics, including five in the top 50: the University of Melbourne (ranked 24^th), Australian National University (ANU) (25^th), the University of New South Wales (UNSW) (=31^st), the University of Sydney (up 10 places to rank joint 37^th) and Monash University (45^th).

Close by in New Zealand, the University of Auckland is currently the study destination’s top university for an economics degree, coming in the 51-100 range worldwide.

Top universities for economics in Latin America

The Latin American region is home to 26 top economic schools in total, with the majority based in Brazil (eight) and five in Colombia. Chile and Argentina claim four each, while Mexico has three, and Peru and Uruguay are home to two each. Of these, the best performer is Chile’s Pontificia Universidad Católica, which ranks in the global top 100. Colombia, Mexico and Brazil are all home to one institution in the global top 150 for economics, with Mexico’s Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) climbing from 151-200.

Top universities for economics in Africa & the Middle East

Heading to Africa, South Africa has five entrants, including the University of Cape Town, which moved up from 251-300 to rank in the 201-250 range.

In the Middle East, Turkey features six entrants in total, with Koç University claiming the top spot, moving up from 251-300 to 201-250.  

Israel has four entrants, with the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Tel Aviv University both ranked at 101-150 and therefore taking the lead in the Middle East.

Saudi Arabia claims two institutions ranked among the world’s 500 best universities for economics, of which King Saud University (KSU) ranks the highest, at 351-400.

Finally, with just one entrant each are Lebanon, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, and Qatar; Egypt’s Cairo University is a new entrant to the economics university ranking this year, as is King Abdul Aziz University (KAU) in Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates University and  Qatar University.

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The 2019 edition of the QS World University Rankings by Subject is out now, and it features a total of 50 schools for dentistry, all ranked according to a methodology which assesses four main indicators, including academic and employer reputations.

Dentistry degrees, as with other clinical subjects, tend to be more on the hefty side of things when it comes to tuition fees. Of course, this shouldn’t prevent you from pursuing a dentistry degree, if you’re interested – and it’s also where scholarships and fellowships come in.

Read on to find out more about scholarships available at the world’s 10 top dentistry schools this year. The full 2019 table can be found here.

=10. University of Washington

As one of the world’s most distinguished public universities, and having climbed four places this year to rank at joint 10^th for dentistry, the University of Washington (UW) is home to more than 54,000 students.

For non-residents, the 2017-18 estimated costs for UW dentistry programs (including tuition; training equipment; health fees; books, room and board allowance; transportation and personal expenses allowance) typically amounted to between US$117,623 and US$133,000 throughout the four academic years. For state residents however, costs are usually significantly lower, amounting to between US$87,787 and US$99,152.   

UW is currently offering financial aid to eligible US students, who will only need to complete a Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) using an FSA ID from the Department of Education. International students should look for funding from external sources.

=10. Tokyo Medical and Dental University

The Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) stands out from other dental universities in Japan in that it has four systems of graduate education and research: Medical and Dental Sciences, Health Sciences, Biomedical Sciences – Education Division, and Biomedical Sciences – Research Division.

TMDU now ranks at joint 10^th with the University of Washington in the dental school ranking, achieving the second-highest score globally for its academic reputation.

University fees for undergraduates at TMDU usually comprise of an admission fee of ¥277,000 (US$2,500) and a tuition cost of ¥248,400 (US$2,260) for a six-month period. For postgraduate students, costs will vary depending on the chosen graduate program, and the university advises applicants to consult the department office for relevant and up-to-date information.

At TMDU, there are numerous undergraduate scholarships for international students to choose from – more about qualifications and eligibility can be found here.  

9. University of Bern

Based in the Swiss capital of Bern, the University of Bern was founded in 1834, and is a comprehensive university offering a broad selection of courses and programs in eight faculties and around 150 institutions.

Currently placing ninth in the dental school ranking, the university’s Dental Medicine study program takes five years to complete, consisting of a three-year bachelor’s degree and a two-year master’s degree program.

Generally, the annual tuition fee for international students at the University of Bern is CHF 200 (US$199) per semester, in addition to the regular tuition fee (CHF 750/US$746), in some circumstances.

A series of scholarships are available, and applicants are advised to consult with their professor, as well as their department and faculty of interest for further options, as new or temporary opportunities for funding may unexpectedly arise. 

8. University of Zurich

The University of Zurich was founded in 1833 from the merger of already-established colleges of theology, law, medicine, and a new faculty of philosophy. With over 25,000 students enrolled, it’s currently Switzerland’s largest higher-education institution, and has moved up three places in the dental school ranking to now place eighth.  

As is the case with other schools, fees for dentistry courses differ depending on the level of study. For international students overall, tuition fees vary between US$674 and US$1,100 per semester, and include a standard application fee of US$88, and US$350 for late applicants.

A variety of scholarships are offered at Zurich, including the Swiss government scholarships, which award scholarships for postgraduate studies to international students with an undergraduate degree.  

7. Harvard University

Harvard University, ranked third overall in the QS World University Rankings® 2019, climbed five places in the dental school ranking to place seventh, scoring a perfect score for employer reputation.

Since Harvard is a private higher-education institution boasting the upmost prestigious academic standing, tuition fees here are quite high, at US$46,340 (without financial aid) with an estimated US$67,580 needed for tuition, accommodation, board, and fees combined.

Students who are not US citizens or permanent residents are not eligible for need based grants at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine (HSDM), though they may be eligible for funds run by the school’s Committee on General Scholarships.

Several scholarships available through HSDM can be found here. 

6. University of Gothenburg

Dubbed the third-oldest university in Sweden, the University of Gothenburg, ranked sixth for dentistry this year, is also one of the largest higher-education institutes in the Nordic countries, thanks to its 37,000 students and 6,000 staff members.

At Gothenburg, exchange students and EU/EEA residents are exempt from paying fees. For students from outside the EU/EEA, a one-off application fee of SEK 900 (US$114) needs to be paid, along with a tuition fee ranging from SEK 100,000 (US$10,800) to SEK 192,500 (US$20,820) per year, depending on the course.

An extensive range of grants and scholarships are available for both domestic and international students. Fee-paying international students can also apply for specially-designed scholarships before coming to Sweden for their studies. (The deadline for the 2019/2020 scholarships application has closed. Please check back for updates).

5. University of Michigan

The University of Michigan was founded in 1817 in Detroit, before Michigan had become a state, and is its oldest higher-education institute. 20 years later, it was moved to what is now its Central campus in Ann Arbor. Ranked fifth in the world for dentistry, its School of Dentistry offers one of the oldest dental hygiene programs in the US.

Tuition fees for UM’s dentistry courses vary according to the degree level and type of program, however, an undergraduate degree typically costs around US$13,800 in the first year for Michigan residents, and US$43,400 for non-Michigan residents, though most eligible students will be pleased to know that they may be offered a financial aid package, which generally comes from a combination of grants, scholarships, work-study (wages earned through employment), and loans.

4. University of Hong Kong (HKU)

Founded in 1911, the University of Hong Kong (HKU) traces its origins back to the Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese, which was established in 1887. Today, it’s home to 10 academic faculties led in English, with almost 29,100 students enrolled.   

Ranked fourth in the dental school ranking this year, the Faculty of Dentistry at HKU was established in 1982, and is an internationally regarded dental school with an employment rate of 100 percent and is the only institution in Hong Kong that provides undergraduate and postgraduate dental programs.

An undergraduate degree in the field will typically cost HK$42,100 (US$5,360) per year, though scholarships such as the Hong Kong Dental Associate Scholarship of HK$2,500 (US$318) may be awarded each year to final year students, based on academic merit from their previous years. More scholarships to study in Hong Kong can be found here.

=2. King’s College London (KCL)

Based in the UK capital, King’s College London (KCL) is placed joint second for dentistry and 31^st in the overall QS World University Rankings. The largest dental school in the UK, KCL graduates over 150 dentists a year from its Dentistry BDS course, which is an evidence-based, research-intensive course combining modern dental education with early clinical experience.

Tuition fees for the 2019-20 academic year are currently £9,250 (€10,400) per year for UK and EU students, and £43,500 (US$55,800) per year for international students.

KSL currently offers several scholarship and bursary opportunities – you can scroll through this list to see if you’re eligible to apply for financial support during your studies at King’s. More scholarships to study in the UK can be found here.

=2. Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)

The Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), ranked joint second for dentistry this year, is a joint scheme connecting the Faculties of Dentistry at the University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam. As well as providing both educational programs for approximately 800 students and patient care to around 300 patients daily, ACTA regularly conducts scientific research and has a workforce of around 500.

2019/20 general tuition fee rates at UV University Amsterdam for both full-time and part-time undergraduate students from the EU/EEA countries who have not yet been awarded a degree in the Netherlands, will amount to €2,083 (US$2,360) per academic year. However, exceptions may apply.

Though dental scholarships are currently not available at ACTA, the University of Amsterdam offers a range of scholarships for academically talented international students as well as faculty scholarships – details on both can be found here.  

1. Karolinska Institute

The Karolinska Institute is currently the world’s top dental school, after climbing an impressive five spots this year to place number one and achieving a perfect score for academic reputation. It’s based in Stockholm, Sweden, and provides world-class medical and health sciences courses, at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels.

While EU/EEA citizens are exempt from paying tuition fees, Karolinska’s five-year dental program, taught entirely in Swedish, comes to a total of SEK 1,900,000 (US$205,700) for non-EU/EEA citizens. Scholarships at Karolinska aren’t available for this course, however, there are over 120 Sweden-based scholarships for dentistry, which can be found here.

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Released today, the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2019 includes a ranking of the 500 top medical schools around the globe.

Each institution was ranked according to a methodology which assesses four academic indicators: academic reputation, employer reputation, research citations per paper, and H-index (which measures the productivity and impact of published papers of a scientist or scholar).

Read on for an overview of this year’s top universities for medicine, starting with a look at the top 10.

Top medical schools in Europe

Of the 500 institutions featured in the medical school ranking, many are found in Europe, including a total of 39 in the UK.

Three UK universities are featured in this year’s top 10, with Oxford and Cambridge both achieving their best scores in the academic and employer reputation indicators.

UCL (University College London) is one of the world’s leading research institutions, and has climbed up one place this year to rank joint ninth in the medical school ranking, proudly displaying excellent scores across all four indicators.

Elsewhere in Europe, Germany has the second most entrants in the medical ranking, with 31 universities ranked in total, three of which are placed in the top 50. Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin is Germany’s highest ranked, at 33^rd, followed by Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg (=40), and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (42^nd).

Heading down to southern Europe, Italy follows with 25 representatives in total, three of which claim a place in the top 100: Sapienza Università di Roma, Università degli Studi di Milano, and Università di Bologna (UNIBO). France has 20 universities ranked, with Sorbonne University and Université Paris Descartes both placing in the top 100, while Spain has 14 – its highest ranked, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), also making the top 100.

With seven representatives each are Belgium, the Netherlands and Sweden. Belgium’s Katholieke Universiteit Leuven claims 47^th place globally, while Université catholique de Louvain retains its place in the 51-100 range. Nearby in the Netherlands, four institutions sit in the 51-100 range – Leiden University, Maastricht University, the University of Groningen, and Utretcht University. However, its highest ranked medical schools are Erasmus University Rotterdam, which climbed up five places this year to rank =34^th, and the University of Amsterdam (=35^th).

Of all the locations mentioned above, Sweden is the only one apart from the UK with a university in the top 10. The Karolinska Institute (KI) remains in sixth place and offers medical and health science courses in English, at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Sweden is also home to two other medical schools featured in the top 100: Lund University and Uppsala University.

Other European study destinations with the world’s top medical schools include Switzerland and Ireland with six entrants each; three of Switzerland’s entrants are in the top 100, and include the University of Basel, University of Geneva, and University of Zurich. In Ireland, only one institution – the Trinity College Dublin (TCD) – sits in the top 100.

Denmark, Finland, Portugal and Greece all have five entrants in the ranking, with Denmark’s highest ranked institution, the University of Copenhagen, featuring at joint 38^th, while Finland’s University of Helsinki ranks as one of the world’s top 100 for the subject.   

With less than five entrants in this year’s medical ranking, Norway, Hungary and Russia take the lead with four institutions each, followed by Austria and Czech Republic with three entrants – Austria’s highest ranked, Medizinische Universität Wien, retaining its place in the global top 100. Locations with only one university in the medical ranking include Poland, Slovenia, Estonia, Serbia, Croatia, Romania and Lithuania.  

Top medical schools in the US & Canada

The 2019 medical school ranking sees a total of 90 US institutions ranked, of which 18 are in the global top 50, with a further 11 in the global top 100.

There are six medical schools from the US in the top 10. As the study destination’s most prestigious institution overall, Harvard University leads the ranking at number one, scoring perfect scores for the indicators measuring academic reputation, employer reputation, and h-index. Stanford University follows at number four globally, achieving outstanding scores across all four indicators.  

The world’s fifth-best medical school, Johns Hopkins University, is notable for receiving more research grants from the National Institutes of Health than any other medical school, while the world’s seventh-best – University of California, Los Angeles – offers its students intimate engagement with the school’s faculty as 70 percent of all undergraduate classes are made up of 30 or fewer members.

Ranked eighth, Yale University is home to Yale Medical School, a globally renowned center for biomedical research and education. Elsewhere, MIT sits in joint ninth place with the UK’s UCL and displays exceptional scores across all four categories, with a perfect score for citations per paper.

Other US medical schools ranked in the top 20 include the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), which retains its place at 11^th, followed by Columbia University at 14^th, the University of Pennsylvania (15^th), Duke University which climbed up an impressive four places from last year to place 16^th, and the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) (=20^th).

Heading further north into Canada, 17 of its top medical schools are ranked this year, including four in the top 50 – University of Toronto (13^th), McGill University (19^th), University of British Columbia (30^th), McMaster University (=43^rd).      

Top universities for medicine in Asia

A total of 98 top medical schools are found in Asia, 28 of which are based in Japan, while China and South Korea are home to 18. Two of Japan’s top universities for medicine are ranked in the global top 50 and a further two sit in the global top 100 – including the region’s second-highest ranked, the University of Tokyo (26^th) and Kyoto University, which climbed from the 51-100 range to rank 45^th, – while China’s Peking University, Fudan University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University all claim places within the top 100, the latter pair both having made their way up from the 101-150 range from last year’s ranking.

Meanwhile, South Korea has 18 institutions in the ranking, led by Seoul National University (SNU) (up 11 places to rank 31^st for medicine) while Sungkyunkwan University and Yonsei University now sit in the 51-100 range after ranking 101-150 last year.

Next up with 10 representatives in this year’s medical school ranking is Taiwan, with its highest ranked medical school, the National Taiwan University (NTU), featuring in 50^th place. Thailand follows with six entrants in total, its highest ranked, Mahidol University, sitting within the 101-150 range. With five top universities for medicine ranked this year is Malaysia, where its number-one medical school is Universiti Malaya (UM), which also ranks in the 101-150 range internationally.

Home to less than five medical schools, India leads with a total of four representatives, its highest ranked – also a new entrant – the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, earning its place in the global 151-200 range. Hong Kong, Indonesia and the Philippines follow with two representatives each, with the University of Hong Kong (HKU) being the third-highest ranked in Asia, having risen five spots in the ranking this year to place 29^th. Hong Kong’s second highest-rank institution in the medical school ranking is the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), which claims a spot in the world’s top 50 (=45^th).

Pakistan and Singapore have one entrant each – Singapore’s only representative and Asia’s highest ranked medical school, the National University of Singapore (NUS), having shot up an impressive eight places this year to rank 23^rd.

Top medical schools in Latin America

Traveling down south-west to Latin America, 32 top medical schools are ranked in the region this year, as Brazil dominates the ranking with 15 representatives in total. Mexico is home to four top medical schools, Chile to three, and Argentina to two, while Peru and Uruguay have one entrant each.

Brazil’s highest ranked medical school, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), is also the top medical school in Latin America, while of Colombia’s six representatives, three have risen in the ranking to place 301-350. In Mexico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México ranks the highest (151-200), and in Chile, the highest ranked medical school, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, has maintained its position in the 101-150 range. Universidad de Bueno Aires is Argentina’s top medical school, retaining its spot in the 151-200 range.

Top medical schools in Australia & New Zealand

The Australasian region harbors a total of 22 medical schools in the ranking this year, of which 20 are based in Australia alone, while the remaining two are in New Zealand.

Of Australia’s 20 representatives in this year’s medical school ranking, four are in the global top 50: the University of Melbourne remains in the lead at 17^th, followed by the University of Sydney just one spot behind, in 18^th place, Monash University (32^nd), and the University of Queensland (49^th).  A further three institutions remain in the global top 100 – Australian National University (ANU), the University of Adelaide, and the University of New South Wales (UNSW).

Over to New Zealand, both of its two representatives, the University of Auckland and the University of Otago, sit in the 101-150 range.

Top universities for medicine in Africa & the Middle East

Egypt has the most entrants (six) in the region of this year’s medical school ranking, while South Africa and Israel both claim five representatives each. Next is Turkey with four ranked institutions, followed by Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, and Jordan, with two each. Uganda, the United Arab Emirates, Nigeria, Kuwait and Ghana have the least number of entrants, with only one representative each.

In Egypt, Cairo University climbed significantly in the ranking from the 251-300 range to 201-250. However, it’s South Africa which claims the number one spot in Africa & the Middle East, with the University of Cape Town retaining its position in the 101-150 range. Of Israel’s five entrants, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem is the highest ranked at 151-200, while Turkey’s highest ranked are Haceteppe University and Istanbul University, both in the 301-350 range.  

Of Saudi Arabia’s two entrants, King Abdul Aziz University (KAU) ranks the highest, having notably achieved a spot in the 151-200 range after coming 251-300 last year. Finally, with Lebanon and Jordan also claiming two institutions each in the medical school ranking, the American University of Beirut (AUB) ranks the highest of the four, having climbed up from the 251-300 range to rank 201-250 this year.

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The QS World University Rankings by Subject 2019 is out now, and includes a ranking of the world’s top 200 universities for architecture. Though the majority of these are based in North America, Europe and Asia, the ranking also includes a total of 10 in the Latin American region, and six in Africa and the Middle East.

Each of these universities are assessed based on a methodology which uses four indicators: academic reputation, employer reputation, research citations per paper, and H-index (which assesses the impact of a scholars’ or scientists’ published papers).

US & Canada

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

Also known as MIT, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is a world-leading university, particularly in the fields of science, technology, and business.

MIT currently claims second place globally in this year’s rankings and first place in its region, achieving outstanding scores for all four categories, including a near-perfect score for academic reputation.

With programs such as Architecture + Urbanism, MIT aims to teach and help implement architecture and design based on modern issues such as global warming, globalization, technology and urbanization.

Harvard University

Established in the mid-17^th century, Harvard University is the oldest higher-education institution in the US, and consistently ranks as one of the world’s most prestigious universities of all time – currently claiming third place in the QS World University Rankings 2019.  

It’s also one of the highest-ranked universities for its architecture courses, having gone up one place to rank fifth this year. It scores excellently across all four indicators, boasting a perfect score for its employer reputation in the field.

University of California, Berkeley (UCB)

Having dropped only one place from last year to rank sixth for architecture, the University of California, Berkeley (UCB) has consistently ranked among the top five universities in the world for its selection of architecture and environmental design programs. 

UCB currently boasts excellent scores across all four indicators, and performs particularly well for the indicators measuring research impact and H-index – which is no surprise, given UCB’s standing as the leading institution among 10 research universities affiliated with the University of California system. 

Top architecture schools in Canada

In addition to US universities, eight Canadian universities are ranked in this region this year, three of which are in the global top 50: McGill University (45^th), the University of Toronto (=39^th), and the University of British Columbia, which is the highest ranked of the three, at 27^th.  

Europe

The Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL (University College London)

Image credit: Steve Cadman (Flickr)

The Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL, is globally recognized for its award-winning pioneering research and world-renowned teaching quality. It provides a wide range of interesting architecture courses at undergraduate, postgraduate, and postgraduate taught levels.

As well as being the leading European institution in the architecture ranking, the Barlett School has gone up a place this year to claim first place in the world for the subject, scoring exceptionally well for all four indicators, with a perfect score for its academic reputation.

Delft University of Technology

Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), situated in the Netherlands, was founded in 1904, and is known for having one of the largest campuses in the world, featuring restaurants, parks, a botanical garden, a new media center, cycle paths, and even a flight simulator and an aerodynamics and propulsion lab.

Excelling in a number of STEM subjects, TU Delft also places third in the world for its architecture courses, and its Faculty of Architecture is currently the largest in the university with approximately 2,900 students enrolled.    

ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology)

Based in Switzerland and renowned for its front-line research, ETH Zurich (also known as the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology), is one of the world’s leading universities for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.

ETH also ranks fourth in the world for architecture degrees, and has achieved very high scores across all four indicators. Its Department of Architecture (D-ARCH) is one of the world’s most respected faculties, combining world-class theoretical and practical education.

Asia

National University of Singapore (NUS)

Formerly known as the King Edward VII College of Medicine when it was founded in 1905, the National University of Singapore (NUS) is the country’s oldest higher-education institution, and consistently ranks as one of the world’s most prestigious universities.

Having moved up two places to now rank eighth in the global architecture ranking, NUS is also the number-one architecture school in the region, offering outstanding architecture degrees based on the liberal arts system. It achieves impressive scores across all four indicators, scoring its highest for the research impact and H-index categories.

Tsinghua University

Tsinghua University is a leading research institution in Beijing, China, and a member of the elite C9 League of prestigious Chinese universities. It was established in 1911, and has since become one of the world’s best higher-education institutions for engineering and computer science programs.

Tsinghua currently ranks 10^th in the architecture ranking, making it one of the top architecture schools in the world. It achieves excellent scores for all four indicators, mainly those used to measure research impact and H-index.

University of Hong Kong (HKU)

Founded in 1911, the University of Hong Kong (HKU) is a public research university, and traces its roots back to the Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese (founded in 1887). Today, the university is globally renowned for its academic prestige, leading research programs, international connections and social impact.

HKU ranks 13^th for architecture this year, with its faculty of architecture aiming to provide students with a thorough knowledge of architecture that combines both local and global influences.

Australia & New Zealand

The University of Sydney

The University of Sydney was founded in 1850 and was Australia’s first university, making it one of Australia’s sandstone universities. It’s one of the world’s top public research universities and offers a selection of over 400 disciplines.

Now placing 15^th in the global architecture ranking, the University of Sydney scores particularly well for the indicators used to measure citations per paper and H-index. Its architecture students gain valuable theoretical and practical skills, and are highly sought after by employers.   

The University of Melbourne

As Australia’s second-oldest university, the University of Melbourne was first established in 1853, and is one of the world’s leading public research universities. It has educated an array of notable alumni, including four Australian prime ministers and five governors-general.

The University of Melbourne moved up four places in the architecture ranking from last year, claiming 17^th place. It receives good scores across the four indicators, and is particularly noted for its research impact.

RMIT University

Also based in Melbourne, Victoria, RMIT University was founded by Australian MP and philanthropist, Francis Ormond, back in 1887 when it was just a night school offering art, science, and technology classes. Today, it’s Australia’s largest tertiary institution and gains international recognition for its technology and design courses.

RMIT also moved up four places this year to rank 22^nd for its design-focused architecture programs, which encourage critical thinking in students and provides them with the ability to explore, challenge and utilize their artistic creativity.  

Top architecture schools in New Zealand

Other ranked universities for architecture in this region include three in New Zealand – their highest-ranked being the University of Auckland, which ranks in the 51-100 range, followed by Massey University and Victoria University of Wellington, both in the 151-200 range.

Latin America

Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC)

Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile is one of the six Catholic Universities within the Chilean university system, and one of two Pontifical Universities in the country. It was established in 1888 by Monsignor Mariano Casanova, Archbishop of Santiago, who’s aim was to combine academic excellence and training based on the Christian doctrine.

The Pontifical Catholic University of Chile ranks 34^th for architecture this year, and achieves its highest score in the employer reputation category, having educated an array of notable Latin American alumni.

Universidade de São Paulo (USP)

Based in Brazil, Universidade de São Paulo (USP) is the country’s largest public university and most prestigious educational institution in Latin America. It has campuses located across eight cities, with 42 schools, six specialized institutes, and four noteworthy museums.

Despite its drop by a substantial 16 places in the architecture rankings this year to 44^th place, USP retains its place as one of the top architecture schools in Latin America, having moved from first place to second.

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) was founded in 1551 in Mexico, making it the oldest university in Latin America. It’s also the largest in the region, with almost 270,000 students enrolled. UNAM’s campus was designed by some of Mexico’s most renowned architects of the 20^th century, and is a UNESCO World Heritage site.

According to this year’s QS architecture rankings, UNAM retains its position as 49^th in the world for the subject, and achieves an exceptional score – and the highest in the region – for its employer reputation.

Africa & the Middle East

University of Cape Town

The University of Cape Town (UCT) is a public research-intensive university and was founded in 1829 as the South African College – making it the oldest institution for higher education in South Africa.

UCT ranks in the 51-100 range and is the number-one school for architecture in its region, achieving its highest and the second-best score in the region for the research impact indicator.

Other top architecture schools in Africa and the Middle East include Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (101-150), followed by Alexandra University, the American University in Cairo, Cairo University, and University of the Witwatersrand – all in the 151-200 range.

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LSAT数字版本终于来了。把考试从纸上转移到屏幕上的计划已经准备了很多年，现在终于成为了现实。

随着其他入学考试已经完全过渡到了全数字化模式，LSAT考试终于在最后一批完成了过渡。

新版数字LSAT考试可在平板设备上完成操作，只要安装由LSAC开发的专利考试软件即可。据LSAC公司总裁兼首席执行官Kellye Testy称，LSAC正在追求实现自己的数字评估愿景：“我们对目前的电子测试格式并不满意，想要实现更高的安全性和更好的用户体验。”

Testy继续说道：“从2019年9月开始，LSAT将在北美实行完全的数字化。” 

“我们已经仔细规划了这一进程，确保应试者能在选择考试日期时得到所需的全部信息。”

过渡工作将于7月开始，帮助学生轻松适应这一变革。过渡期间，一部分考生将接受纸笔考试，另一部分则将接受数字考试（这种做法在逐步淘汰纸笔形式考试时很常见）。

数字LSAT考试的格式

数字LSAT考试与纸面LSAT考试基本相同，但对学生来说却有一个明显的优势：方便。

与纸面LSAT考试具有相同的格式，因此无需担心会遇到不同的新内容。允许考生在分析推理问题时使用草稿纸。

每台平板电脑都配有手写笔，用于下划线标注或突出显示文本内容。数字考试每个页面的底部都有导航条，可以让学生标记并返回到具体的题目。

对于残疾考生，平板电脑还提供了字体大小调整、内置屏幕阅读器和其他增强功能。

从2019年6月开始，LSAT考试的写作部分将单独进行。

LSAC宣布“写作部分将与LSAT考试分开，通过一个安全的在线平台进行”。

“这一变化将为考生带来更大的便利和灵活性，因为考试日期将会缩短，写作内容采取打字的方式输入，而不用手写，并且考生可以自主选择考试的时间和地点。”

2019-2020 LSAT考试日期

你知道LSAC今年把考试日期从6个增加到了9个吗？显然，这将为预期学习法科的学生提供了更多的选择的便利和灵活性。以下是2019-2020年的完整考试时间表。

2019-2020 考试年度：

• 2019年6月3日 星期一（下午12:30）
• 2019年7月15日 星期一（下午12:30）
• 2019年9月21日 星期六（上午8:30）
• 2019年10月28日 星期一（下午12:30）
• 2019年11月25日 星期一（上午12:30）
• 2020年1月13日 星期一（下午12:30）
• 2020年2月22日 星期六（上午8:30）
• 2020年3月30日 星期一（下午12:30）
• 2020年4月25日 星期六（上午8:30）

切记选择考试日期前登记注册。要根据自己的申请截止日期、准备方式和LSAT学习课程来做计划。如果你想练习LSAT，点击此处查看一些免费的LSAT练习题，同时附有详细的答案解释说明。

结语

虽然你不需要学习任何新的东西就可以轻松驾驭数字化LSAT考试，但也要记住一个重要的事情——平时多练习使用平板电脑。

显然，在设备上考试与在纸上考试不同，这意味着你需要做些练习适应这种形式——包括模拟考试。如果平时多在屏幕上用手写笔做些练习，考试当天你就可以做到轻车熟路。

每项考试都是经过不断变化升级的。值得庆幸的是，LSAT考试看起来正在向更好的方向发展。

如果你还没有看过此文，请查看最新的“Manhattan Review India”网站，包括班加罗尔和海得拉巴地区。